现在进行时(The Present Continuous/Progressive Tense)
1. 构成
is/am/are+现在分词
2. 功能
ZZ1 表示现在正在进行的动作或发生的事
The kettle is boiling. Shall I make tea？水开了，沏点茶好吗？
Is the sun shining?出太阳了吗？
It's blowing hard. 风挺大。
It is snowing outside. 外面在下雪。
公共汽车开过来了。
Here comes the bus!（习惯用法）
The bus is coming. （强调现在的情景）
ZZ2 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事
John is losing his hair. 约翰近来脱发了。
She is learning English at college. 她目前在大学里学英语。
He is taking physics this semester. 他这个学期在修物理。
I am taking the medicine three times a day. 我一天吃三次药。
She is generally going to bed at 11 these days. 她这些日子通常11点睡。
Tourist villages are sprouting along the desert shore. 度假村正沿着荒凉的海岸雨后春笋般冒出来。
Age is/was telling on her. 她渐渐老了。
ZZ3 表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作，或即将开始或结束的动作
常用的这类动词有：go，leave，come，arrive，land，meet，move，return，start，stay，stop，do，dine，give，have，pay，join，punish，spend，sleep，take, change, fly, work, wear, see, lunch, play等。例如：
I am publishing a book this year. 我计划今年出一本书。
I'm changing my hotel. 我打算换旅馆。
These shoes are going. 这双鞋子快要穿破了。
Paul is rising at 4 tomorrow. 保罗明天4点起床。
She's having a baby in January. 她1月份生孩子。
I'm seeing my solicitor tomorrow. 明天我将见我的律师。
They're getting married in June. 他们6月份结婚。
The Browns are coming to dinner. 布朗夫妇要来吃饭。
We're having some guests over tonight. 我们今晚有客人来。
As soon as we get back home, I'm leaving. 我们刚回到家，我就要离开了。
The President is meeting us tomorrow. 总统明天要接见我们。
The rock is falling over. 那块石头就要落下来了。
The man was drowning. 那人快要淹死了。
Imagine I'm seeing the Mona Lisa. 你想想啊——我终于要见到《蒙娜·丽莎》这幅画了。
We are starting work at eight for the whole winter. 整个冬天我们都将是8点钟上班。
When a bird is dying, its cry is pitiful. 鸟之将死，其鸣也哀。
We're leaving for the West tonight. 我们打算今晚动身到西部去。
Because the shop is closing down, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. 这家商店快要关闭了，所以这儿所有的T恤衫都半价出售。
I'm going. 我要走了。
She is dying. 她奄奄一息了。
The sun is setting. 太阳就要落山了。
When are you starting? 你什么时候动身？
A：Are you still busy? 你还在忙吗？
B：Yes, I am just finishing my work, and it won't take long. 是的，我快要完成工作了，时间不会长。
比较：
你路过商店时请来坐坐。
When you pass by the shop, please drop in. （任何时候）
When you are passing by the shop, please drop in. （将来某时）
【提示】现在进行时表示将来，有时含有“决心”的意思。例如：
I'm not leaving tomorrow. 我明天不走了。
I'm not staying with you. 我不同你在一起了。
I'm taking part in it. 我也要参加。
When I grow up, I'm flying to the moon. 我长大了要飞到月球上去。
ZZ4 动作动词的进行时与always，forever，continually，constantly等连用，表示重复的动作，这种动作可能使人感到不满、厌倦或觉得不合情理,有时表示赞赏、满意
It's always raining here. 这里老是下雨。
Jim is always coming late for class. 汤姆总是上课迟到。
She is always scolding me. 她总是没完没了地数落我。
He's always making troubles for his friends. 他老是给朋友们制造麻烦。
He is perpetually interfering in my affairs. 他老是干预我的事。（不满）
She's constantly changing her mind. 她老是改变主意。（不满）
The man is always boasting. 那人老爱吹牛。（厌倦）
She's always helping others. 她总是爱帮助别人。（赞赏）
The students are making progress constantly. 学生们在不断进步。（满意）
ZZ5 care，mind等表示感觉、精神活动等的状态动词不用于进行时
（1）有些表示感觉、感情、情绪、精神活动、拥有关系等的动词，一般不用于进行时态，常见的这类动词有：understand，remember，wonder，cost，have，resemble，exist，appreciate，care，desire，fear，detest，hate，like，love，mind，want，know，hope，wish，agree，believe，expect，forget，prefer，mean，respect，perceive，realize，recognize，please，need，recollect，concern，consist，matter，seem，appear显得，signify意指，think认为，intend意欲，forgive宽恕，differ不同于，despise轻视，dislike不喜欢，adore爱慕，represent代表，result导致，stand位于，remain停留，own拥有，look看似，lie位于，hold持有，contain包含，depend on依靠，belong属于，等。例如：
She is preferring reading to television. ［×］（应改为prefers）
I am seeming to hear someone calling. ［×］（应改为seem）
JJ 但是，上述某些词在表示无意识的动作时，不能用于进行时态，而表示有意识的动作时，又可以用于进行时态。比如“see”这个动词，作“看见”解时是无意的动作，不能用于进行时态，但作“接见，访问，处理，查看，浏览”等解时，又可以用于进行时态，在谈到“看电影，看戏剧”时，也可以用于进行时态。例如：
Do you see the rainbow？你看见彩虹了吗？（无意）
The manager is seeing the applicants this morning. 经理今天上午约见求职的人。（有意）
They are now seeing the city. 他们正在这座城里游览。（有意）
Don't worry，I am seeing you home. 不要担心，我会送你回家的。（有意）
They are seeing an English film now. 他们在看一部英语电影。(＝watching)
He's seeing the doctor now. 他现在在看医生。
I'll be seeing Kate home after the party tonight. 今晚聚会后我将陪送凯特回家。
They have been seeing each other for a year. 他们交朋友谈恋爱已有一年光景。
比较：
It weighs 50 kilos. 它重达50千克。
He is weighing himself now. 他在称体重。
She measures 70 centimeters round the waist. 她的腰围量起来70厘米。
She is measuring the hall. 她在测量这个大厅。
She heard the bird sing. 她听见了鸟鸣。
She is hearing a case. 她在审理一个案子。(＝is judging)
The students are hearing a lecture. 学生们在听讲座。(attend)
I am not hearing as well as I used to. 我现在的听力不如从前了。（听觉）
She hates him. 她恨他。
She is hating him. 看得出她恨他。(＝showing visible signs of hating him)
She feels worried. 她感到担心。
She is feeling for the way out. 她在摸索着出去的路。(＝is groping for)
She smells trouble. 她感到出问题了。
She is smelling the flower. 她嗅着花。
She doesn't mind it. 她不介意这件事。
She is minding the baby. 她在照看婴儿。(＝is looking after)
She doesn't care for red. 她不喜欢红色。
She is caring for the wounded. 她在照顾伤员。(＝is taking care of)
She appears happy. 她看上去很高兴。
She is appearing on the platform. 她出现在讲台上。
She has a new car. 她有一辆新车。
Her words are having a bad result. 她的话正产生一种坏的效果。(＝are producing)
She holds half share in the firm. 她拥有该公司的一半股份。
She is holding a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书。
The music sounds sweet. 这音乐听起来很美。（状态）
Why is the driver sounding his horn?那个司机为什么按喇叭？（动作）
The cake tastes nice. 这糕饼味道不错。（状态）
He's tasting the tea. 他在品茶。（动作）
What do you think of the book?你觉得这本书怎么样？（看法）
What are you thinking about?你在想什么？（思维,思考）
He looks good-humored. 他看上去很幽默。（状态）
He's looking about for a new house. 他在寻找一处新房子。
He fits the post. 他适合这个职位。
He is fitting together a lot of parts. 他在把许多零件装配在一起。
The town lies near the lake. 这座小城位于湖边。
Some people are lying under the tree. 一些人在树下躺着。
A piano stands against the wall. 靠墙有一架钢琴。
He is standing on a rock. 他站在一块岩石上。
The hut sits in the middle of the forest. 小屋位于森林的中部。
Some birds are sitting on the wires. 一些鸟落在电线上。
JJ 另外，某些非延续性动词也不可用于进行时，常见的这类动词有：admit，decide，end，allow（允许），refuse，consent（答应），permit，receive，determine（决心），resolve（解决），deny，promise，accept，complete等。例如：
He is denying that he has seen the wallet. ［×］（应改为denies）
JJ 在现代英语中，某些感觉动词即使表示无意识的动作，也可用于进行时态。例如：
Now, we are seeing a subtle and unmistakable turning away from such things as books. 当前，我们正目睹一个不易觉察却毫无疑问存在的慢慢背离书籍这类事物的倾向。
（2）状态动词用于进行时，表示某种思想、情绪、行为反复发生，且含有不满、厌恶、烦躁、赞叹等感情色彩，常同always，forever，continually，constantly, all the time等连用。例如：
She is always doubting my words. 她总是怀疑我的话。
He's forever imagining dangers that don't exist. 他老是想象一些并不存在的危险。
He is always thinking of doing more for the people. 他总是想着要为人民多做些事。
He is always losing his keys. 他老是丢钥匙。
He is continually reminding me of what I owe him. 他老是提起我欠他的钱。
In this school everyone's losing money these days. 这所学校里近来人们不断丢钱。
He's always wanting to do something he shouldn't do. 他总是想干他不该干的事。
She's continually falling ill. 她接二连三地闹病。
I'm continually forgetting names. 我老是忘记人家的名字。
He's always finding fault with me. 他总是找我的茬。
I'm always meeting Sam in the library. 我总会在图书馆碰到萨姆。
The car's always breaking down. 这辆车总是坏。
They're constantly complaining about working conditions. 他们总是抱怨工作条件。
He is continually distrusting others. 他总是不相信人。
She is forever displeasing people. 她老是得罪人。
She is always differing from her colleagues. 她老是跟她的同事闹意见。
（3）状态动词用于进行时，可以强调某一具体时间的特殊状态,或某种暂时的心理状态或活动，亦表示某种感情、认识、思维的发展过程，有时表示“刚刚开始，即将开始”等。例如：
The soup is tasting better now. 这汤现在尝起来不错。（强调与刚才的汤不同）
She's understanding you better now. 他现在更能理解你了。
I'm actually hearing her voice. 我真的听到她的声音了。
He's finding that the man is difficult to deal with. 他渐渐发现那个人很难对付。
I'm remembering her more and more. 我慢慢记起她了。
Things are looking a little worse. 情况显得有些不妙了。
I'm forgetting my English. 我的英语开始忘了。
Food is costing more. 食品贵起来了。
That is mattering less to me. 那对于我更无关紧要了。
You're proving a different person. 你看起来像换了一个人。
I'm losing my hair. 我的头发渐渐掉落了。
We're having a scene. 我们这里正在大闹一场。
I'm not having any more of your nonsense. 我不许你胡说八道。
She's having a baby in March. 她3月里要生孩子了。
Now I'm remembering. 现在我想起来了。
I'm feeling the old these days. 近来我开始怕冷。
Jane is resembling her mother more and more. 简长得越来越像她妈妈了。
It seems as if I am knowing him for the first time. 我好像第一次才真正了解他了。
Something is wrong with her eyes. She is seeing double. 她的眼睛有问题，看东西重影。
I've settled in now and I'm liking my new work very much. 我安顿了下来，越发喜欢我的新工作了。
American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. 美元不再能买到所有的好东西了，我们开始慢慢意识到，我们在世界上的作用正在发生变化。
【提示】某些心理状态动词可以表示“差一点，几乎”的含义，相当于nearly，on the point of。例如：
She was believing what the scoundrel said. 她差点儿听信了那个恶棍的话。
I am forgetting that I have read the book. 我差点忘了曾读过那本书。
（4）一些表示愿望的动词如desire，long，wish，want, wonder等，以及表示爱憎好恶的动词如like，love，dislike，hate等，可用进行时表示强烈的感情色彩。例如：
He was wishing to see her again. 他渴望再见到她。
Are you fearing to see her? 你害怕见她吗？
A：How are you liking Nanjing？你觉得南京如何？（初步印象）
B：Why！ I'm simply loving her. 哦！我简直爱上她了。